Examine the dramatic significance of the theme “fair is foul” in Macbeth Essay

There are numerous subjects in â€Å"Macbeth†, not astonishing given the play’s wealth of character, language and occasions. These subjects incorporate goodness and shrewd, tricky appearances and reality and the powerful. They are totally connected to the possibility of â€Å"fair is foul†, similar to the characters. I will presently attempt to inspect in more detail the emotional noteworthiness of â€Å"fair is foul† in Shakespeare’s â€Å"Macbeth†. It is accepted that the play was composed in view of King James. â€Å"Mabeth† was composed at some point somewhere in the range of 1603 and 1606, years during which King James (sixth of Scotland and first of England) was on the seat. Huge numbers of James’ interests were remembered for the play, for instance sovereignty, dependability and above all his interest with powerful (he even composed a book called Demonology, regarding the matter). The possibility of the powerful and black magic specifically are significant during the play. The witches otherwise called the â€Å"Weird Sisters†, Act 1 Scene 3 Line 34, speak to malevolence and allurement in the play. In Shakespeare’s day there was far reaching confidence in the presence of black magic and demonology. Individuals expected that witches endeavored to degenerate God’s regular request, and in this way in 1604 its training got deserving of death. Anyway they were as yet questionable on the intensity of witches. This vulnerability can be found in the play. We can't be sure if the witches have any genuine force or whether they can just convince and propose things to other people. The Gunpowder plot appears to have been added to the play. It was an activity taken to expel the ruler, fundamentally the same as Macbeth’s activities. Again it gives the possibility of God’s normal request being decimated. They accepted that the ruler governed by Divine Right for example they were God’s picked one. In this way slaughtering him, to get unrightful sovereignty would break the characteristic request. The way that they are malicious is appeared in their last couplet. It is, as referenced over, the three witches who tune the line â€Å"fair is foul and foul is fair†. It very well may be interpreted as â€Å"good is awful and awful is good†, a somewhat troublesome expression to comprehend. Something critical to note is that â€Å"Fair is foul†¦Ã¢â‚¬  is a conundrum. That is an announcement, which seems to repudiate itself yet can contain a reality. It is this line establishes the pace for the remainder of the play; the manner in which things show up may not be the manner in which they truly are! Their line anyway can likewise be utilized to portray themselves and their expectations. At the point when they reveal to Macbeth his future everything sounds great, â€Å"†¦All hail Macbeth, that shalt be King hereafter†. Anyway it is these expectations that lead to his deadly activities and exceptional ruin pulverization. So extremely, these future dreams aren’t great at everything except terrible. The witches never lie but since they talk in bewildering enigmas, its conceivable that Macbeth hears what he needs to hear, by accepting just the positive angles. In Shakespeare’s â€Å"Macbeth†, the hero is tricked to kill the King, Duncan, by witch’s expectations, his wife’s consolation, and by his own aspiration. He submits a trio of underhanded homicides over the span of the play. It is conceivable to overlook that the character portrayed as â€Å"†¦brave Macbeth†¦Ã¢â‚¬  is the one later depicted as a â€Å"tyrant†. Macbeth’s character is additionally one that is connected to the possibility of â€Å"fair is foul and foul is fair†. Preceding his experience with the witches (Act 1, Scene 3) Macbeth is a saint, a devoted warrior in administration of the genuine, King of Scotland, Duncan. He is portrayed as a respectable valiant and dauntless warrior and â€Å"Bellona’s bridegroom†, spouse of the goddess of the war, qualified to be God of War. Apparently he has numerous positive attributes however soon enough we discover he has a deadly weakness†¦ambition. He was effectively affected by, witches predictions and his wife’s influence, to follow the aspirations that he furtively wanted to pursue, â€Å"Thus thou must do’ if thou have it†, at the end of the day he should do it (kill King Duncan) on the off chance that he needs the crown. He permitted his desire to stifle his great characteristics and the finish of the play depicts him as â€Å"a tyrant†, â€Å"a shrunken thief†, and â€Å"hellhound†. Macbeth is clearly one of the most clear and easiest instances of the topic â€Å"fair is foul†. By this I mean he is a character who fits the thought, things that watch great may end up being underhanded. Anyway I don’t think it is reasonable for call him totally abhorrent. He did after all have a still, small voice, which had a significant impact all through the play. It was his soul that kept him away from exceptional activities, yet insufficient to prevent him from murders that at long last he did. Woman Macbeth is likewise a genuine case of the subject â€Å"fair is foul†. In the realm of Shakespeare disasters she has come to speak to ladylike bad form. Her desire, indecency and dismissal of female qualities, mark her as a cutthroat scalawag more beast than lady! â€Å"Come to my lady bosoms and take my milk for nerve, you killing ministers† . In contrast to Macbeth, it is handily seen that she has a malicious strive after force from the beginning. â€Å"†¦chastice with the valor of my tongue All that obstructs thee from the brilliant crown†¦Ã¢â‚¬  only a segment of her words from the first occasion when we meet her (Act 1 Scene 5). Anyway Shakespeare utilizes sensational incongruity, in that the crowd realize she is insidious yet numerous characters neglect to see this. Many are tricked by her beguiling demonstrations. â€Å"Fair and honorable hostess†, are the words Duncan used to portray Lady Macbeth, who ended up being associated with his homicide soon thereafter. The crowd experience her long for power by her response to the letter from Mabeth, it is both ground-breaking and sensational. When she has wrapped up the letter (counting subtleties of the witches feelings) she chooses to ensure Macbeth will become King. She realizes her significant other is goal-oriented yet additionally considers his absence of mercilessness â€Å"yet I do fear thy nature It is to full o’ th’ milk of human kindness†. She asserts that heartlessness o is â€Å"the illness† that Macbeth doesn’t have in him. She concludes that to pick up the seat Duncan must be murdered. To her extraordinary joy, she hears that the King is coming that very night. She welcomes the spirits of wickedness to enter her body-† Come you spirits That tend on mortal contemplations! unsex me here, And fill me from the crown to the toe top-brimming with direst cruelty†. Any considerations of uncertainty that she has some great inside her are absolutely verifiable, now. In what capacity can a lady need the very qualities that make her a lady, for example love and care, to be removed just with the goal that she can finish an evil homicide? The language she utilizes from lines 32-47 (Act 1 Scene5), are fundamentally the same as those utilized in a spell or serenade. She is summoning spirits to take and sentiments she may have, and fill her with deadly considerations, â€Å"Come u spirits†¦you killing ministers†. The language utilized gives the impact of dull enchantment and mantras, representing Lady Macbeth as a witch. As said over the line â€Å"fair is foul† gives the impression of misleading appearances and reality. Woman Macbeth, shows this thought well overall, when she is tricking her visitors. When King Duncan, shows up at the mansion, he remarks on how decent the environment is, â€Å"the air Nimbly and pleasantly suggests itself†. It was arranged by Shakespeare to have an amusing impact, that King Duncan should state that, when mulling over Lady Macbeth’s words and plans from the past scene. She is an extraordinary double crosser, erroneously trading wonderful discussion, effectively. It is likewise Lady Macbeth who encourages her better half to put on a deception, â€Å"look like the guiltless blossom. Be that as it may, be the snake under’t†. This was one of Shakespeare’s numerous analogies. The blossom looks like goodness and immaculateness while the snake is a dim and insidiousness animal. This additionally connects in with the possibility of reality versus appearances. We are continually reminded that things aren’t what they appear in the play. Shakespeare cautions us not to be tricked by appearances, there are numerous instances of this during the play. One of the primary models is the coasting blade. Is it genuine or is it only a beguiling hallucination baiting Macbeth to do the unimaginable? There are other tricky figments over the span of the play, a fundamental one being Banquo’s apparition. Macbeth accepts the phantom, which floats over Banqo’s void seat, has gone to frequent him and blame him for it’s murder. The witches state that the woodland will comes to him, â€Å"Great Birnam wood to high Dunsinane slope Shall come against him†. How is this conceivable? In all actuality no piece of nature in type of grounds and woodlands ever moves! Macbeth is additionally told â€Å"none of lady conceived Shall hurt Macbeth†. Macbeth doesn’t realize that Macduff wasn’t conceived ordinarily, thus accepts he can't be hurt. We should question how solid these feelings truly are! While Banquo questioned what the witches said and went before to address them, Macbeth had close to finish confidence in them. I think he trusted them, since somewhere inside that’s what he needs, and the feelings give him any desire for accomplishing a unimaginable objective. The topic â€Å"fair is foul† is an oddity, in spite of the fact that it seems to negate itself it does contains a reality. This can be found in the principal demonstration when the Thane of Cawdor is condemned to death. Taking a gander at the execution it would give off an impression of being a foul demonstration. Anyway while thinking about the explanation of execution, being unfaithful to your King, it can likewise be

Mary Cassatt Art Style: An Overview

Mary Cassatt Art Style: An Overview Cassatt is maybe most popular for her artistic creations of moms and kids, works which likewise mirror a shockingly current reasonableness. Customary presumptions concerning adolescence, youngster raising, and the spot of kids in the public arena were confronting difficulties during the last piece of the nineteenth century and ladies also were reevaluating and rethinking their place in current culture. Cassatt was delicate to an increasingly dynamic demeanor toward ladies and kids and showed it in her specialty just as in her private remarks. She perceived the ethical quality that ladies and kids got from their fundamental and basic security, a solidarity Cassatt could never feel worn out on speaking to. The numerous artistic creations, pastels, and prints in which Cassatt delineated kids being washed, dressed, read to, held, or breast fed mirror the most developed nineteenth century thoughts regarding bringing up youngsters. After 1870, French researchers and doctors energized moms (rather than wet-attendants and babysitters) to think about their kids and proposed present day ways to deal with wellbeing and individual cleanliness, including normal washing. Even with a few cholera plagues in the mid-1880s, washing was supported as a solution for personal stenches as well as a deterrent measure against infection. Not long after her triumphs with the Impressionists, Cassatts style developed, and she moved away from impressionism to a less complex, increasingly clear methodology. By 1886, she not, at this point distinguished herself with any craftsmanship development and explored different avenues regarding an assortment of strategies. A progression of thoroughly drawn, softly watched, yet generally unsentimental compositions on the mother and kid subject structure the premise of her well known work. In 1891, she displayed a progression of profoundly unique shaded lithograph prints, including Woman Bathing and The Coiffure, roused by the Japanese experts appeared in Paris the prior year. Her choice to turn into an expert craftsman more likely than not appeared past the pale, given that genuine work of art was to a great extent the space of men in the nineteenth century. In spite of the worries of her folks, Cassatt picked profession over marriage Jansons History of Art, Seventh Edition p. 879-880 This content gives us a little knowledge into the life of Mary Cassatt (1844-1926). She was an American who was naturally introduced to an affluent family and brought up in Pittsburgh; likewise impacted by Renaissance craftsmanship, she moved toward Impressionism from a womans viewpoint, principally as a figure painter. As a female, she was frequently confined similarly as going spots unattended where men could go. Her topic was ascribed to these limitations. A large number of her topics included ladies perusing, visiting, taking tea, and washing a newborn child. The Childs Bath isn't just an image about wellbeing, yet about extreme passionate and physical association. Paul case: Cathers comprehension of as far as possible overseeing the portrayal of sexuality, and the manner in which they were connected to class, clarifies why she picked the method of indirection recorded as a hard copy her 1905 story of a gay youngster, Pauls Case. Late improvements in sexology empowered Cather to describe Paul as a gay without naming his condition. Through foundation data and physical depiction, Cathers storyteller watchfully summons decadence hypothesis to clarify her hero, adjusting him to the subjects of ongoing contextual analyses. In the wake of exploring different avenues regarding the persona of the pixie, Paul utilizes taken cash to change himself into a refined, modern strange, however neither one of the personas demonstrates for all time agreeable. Through its references to Pauls sexuality, the story examines one specific result generally nineteenth-century buyer free enterprise: the working class, urban gay man. Step by step instructions to compose it ? Compose your peak first; it will help you to check appropriately the view-purpose of your story. The peak is the plot in a word: here is an indication as to plot finding. Take a circumstance: it might be silly, regrettable, loaded with puzzle, or sensational; yet it must be striking. Life has large amounts of some such, and he who goes about with his eyes open can not neglect to put aside a plentiful store. The end ought to follow intently behind the peak. Its office is to ring down viably the shade on the scene. Regularly it dovetails in the peak with the goal that we can not tell where one starts and different closures At the point when you imagined your peak, certainly somebody thing hung out in bolder alleviation than all the rest. It might have been humor, it might have been poignancy, it might have been terrible disaster. Whatever it was, it is the purpose of the story, the focal point of gravity of your story. You carefully gave it a setting in keeping, and in the end let it stay like a waiting note to be an eerie memory for some daily. It is the embodiment of your origination, and in the presentation you held it up before your perusers eyes as the game to be sought after. This we will call the subject of the structure. The inconspicuous intensity of the French school lies in the craft of insinuation. It is what is left implied instead of what is said that causes the best rush. Be that as it may, the surmising must be plain: the perusers creative mind ought not be left to build the story which you set out to tell. Regularly a story will be spared from weariness to interest by the intensity of recommendation alone. This is especially valid for affection scenes, passings, and so forth, for example, just a bosses hand at portrayal can plan to deal with adequately. Rosebud: One of the key main points of the film is the subject of what precisely Rosebud implies. We pose this inquiry despite the fact that we realize that Welles Co. were to some degree attempting to show that you can't decrease a keeps an eye on puzzles to a certain something. Then again, there is an answer for the issue. It is really found in Welless next film, The Magnificent Ambersons. All through Welless radio profession, his most moving shows, for example, his adjustment of The Apple Tree, were about misfortune loss of a rustic past, of a residential bliss, of a calm life. This subject doesnt appear to have anything to do with Welless reality. Its simply something he preferred, however maybe dependent on the loss of his mom at an early age. The Magnificent Ambersons is his most strong acknowledgment of this topic in his work. Rosebud paves the way to that film. Rosebud is The Magnificent Ambersons. The unassuming community esteems and moms love that the snow-ball summon which helps Ka ne to remember his youth home, and the sled called Rosebud are completely investigated in significantly more detail and gave an extra spot of throbbing misfortune, in Welless second film. Rosebud isn't a contrivance. As a story gadget, it is the sacred goal of the film, the motor that drives the journalist Thompson to explain the secret of Kane, and en route we find out as much about Kane as the characters (and the subverting overvoice of the film itself) can let us know. However, when we learn, from our advantaged position as watchers of the film, what Rosebud really is, even as it is being pulverized, we additionally discover that it's anything but a trick, nor is it hokey. As Bernard Herrmanns delightful music ascends out of sight, we feel both the unlocking of the envelope and the end of a real existence. Its a wonderful second, one of the most expressive in all film. What's more, guess what? As it were, a keeps an eye on life can be diminished to a certain something, if that thing is the rich bunch of pictures and thoughts that Rosebud contains. The gay subtext in Citizen Kane Who composed Kane? The appropriate response is in the part of the film that everybody is hesitant to specify, the gay subtext that shows up in Kane and in huge numbers of Welless different movies. Im not discussing his private life, where, as per Simon Callow, Welles had a skill for drawing in the help of more seasoned gay men, for example, Houseman, who were stricken with the young people vivacity. Welles, a substantial consumer, was hitched multiple times and, as Marlon Brando and Warren Beatty after him, had conspicuous illicit relationships with numerous ladies, among them Dolores Del Rio. None of this appeared to discover its way into his movies. Ladies dont figure that vigorously in the vast majority of Welless movies, and seldom sexes really enter. Love and energy are there, however regularly introduced carefully. Kane presents something of a Madonna/prostitute differentiate, while his next film shows committed lady in a cleanser operaish oleo of pathetic, frequently even unexpressed, love. Despite the fact that the prematurely ended Its All True praised the enthusiastic existence of Latin America, Welles was truly intrigued by the governmental issues of the time. Ensuing movies managed incredible men and their political lives. Welles played Othello as though he were truly hitched to Iago. There is the recommended assault of a love bird in Touch of Evil, and a nymphomaniac in The Trial. Its a stun to see film from the incomplete The Other Side of the Wind where real desire is acknowledged in the rearward sitting arrangement of a vehicle. Be that as it may, the blend of sex and ladies isn't what we divert from a considerable lot of these movies. Male kinship and its double-crossings intrigued Welles, starting with one film then onto the next, beginning with Kane and enduring right to The Big Brass Ring, a screenplay credited to Welles yet at long last shot by another person. As in numerous movies with a gay subtext, portions of Kane dont bode well except if you see them from a gay point of view. Why, precisely does Jed Leland feel so deceived by Kane? It cant simply be on the grounds that Kanes political indiscretion set back the reason for change 20 years. When Leland, the chump companion, first learns of the political disfavor, he strolls into a bar to suffocate sentiments of what? Leland, who somewhere else says he took artful dance exercises with Kanes first spouse and was extremely smooth, has no female allies in the film, and his response to Kanes political selling out far surpasses its genuine weight. Theres an adoration here that challenge not talk its name. This gay subtext gives another sign of Welless submit the Kane screenplay. Welless other extraordinary film, Touch of Evil, has a comparable connection between an influential man and a numbskull, in which the influential man is the adoration for the chumps life: Welless Quinlan and Joseph Calleias Pete Menzi

Stand By Me Free Essays

In the film the four primary characters are, Chris, who is the extreme one, Teddy, who is the challenging one, Gordie, Who’s the touchy one and Vern, whos simply inept in light of the fact that he poses moronic inquiries. They hear that a child has been murdered by a train and they’ve gone to lookfor him. The story is about them growing up and getting increasingly develop, Friendship, Bullying and an adventure(themes). We will compose a custom exposition test on Remain By Me or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now The Night scene happens towards the finish of the film. They are on the whole smoking around the open air fire discussing ridiculous things, for example, what is Goofy?(the Disney character). This scene is significant on the grounds that it shows their kinship and how they are on the whole dear companions, asking Gordie to disclose to them a story since they all accept he is a great narrator/author. The night scene opens with a fix of the moon and afterward tranquilly goes down and into the forested areas to were they are largely smoking around the pit fire. There is no music toward the beginning of the scene, yet there is music towards the finish of the scene (when they have wrapped up some music goes ahead, the music is 50’s on the grounds that it causes you to feel as though the film is set in the fifties. There are hints of fowls and crickets (untamed life) toward the beginning which causes you to feel as though its reality. The Gang ask Gordie to disclose to them a story, so he reveals to them a tale about a kid called Lardass, who enters a pie eating rivalry, he doesn’t need to win the opposition he simply needs vengeance. Lardass is an overweight child who is disliked, his sibling and sister even call him (Lardass is his moniker). Before the opposition he drinks a jug of castor oil and one crude egg, this is all to do with his vengeance. Part of the way through the opposition his arrangement had begun to work, he was debilitated everywhere throughout the hero of a year ago, at that point the boss was wiped out all over someone else. Not until the smell arrived at the group did his arrangement truly work, when the smell hit the group each body was being wiped out over everyone. Verns response to the story was that of ineptitude, when he inquires as to whether Lardass needed to pay to get in the opposition. Teddy didn’t like the consummation most likely in light of the fact that it didn’t have anything to do with battling or murdering. He says the consummation ought to be that Lardass returns home, shoots his father at that point joins the Texas Rangers. Teddy thinks like that since where it counts inside he despises his father and that’s what he would do to his father. Chris thought the closure was splendid, as he was in effect steady and furthermore saying it was splendid. The story identifies with the group, as they are on the whole outsiders like Lardass. You can likewise recount to the story identified with them since it was set in a fundamentally the same as town to theirs. You could consider the to be as though it was on the TV, truly observing the story caused you to feel as though it was going into Gordies creative mind. When they had got done with discussing the closure of the story, Chris turned on the radio which was playing fifties music, the music was fifties to remind you what year the film was set in, it likewise put things in place, step by step blurring ceaselessly as they begin to talk. They show their fellowship by conversing with each other about silly things, for example, what is Goofy. The camera blurs starting with one individual then onto the next, it doesn’t let you hear the entire discussion, it just continues evolving subject. It additionally shows the fellowship with camera shots around the open air fire, looking comfortable and warm. The state of mind of the scene changes when they hear the commotions of the untamed life, from the outset just Vern indicated that he was terrified. Teddy was frightening Vern much more by saying it was the phantom of the dead kid. Teddy was stating that he needed to search for the children apparition and afterward out of nowhere a major wail resounded in the forested areas, now everyone was terrified. Vern demonstrated that he was the weakling of the group by murmuring â€Å"I figure we should stand guard†. They group affirm of his remark and Teddy is first to stand monitor, he was going about as though he was in a War or the like. When Vern was guarding he was truly terrified, pointing the firearm at each commotion he heard. Gordie and Chris were talking on the grounds that Gordie had a bad dream about his siblings burial service. His bad dream was that his father murmured into his ear â€Å"It ought to have been you†. Step by step instructions to refer to Stand By Me, Papers

Essay Topics About Postwar Japan

Essay Topics About Postwar JapanLooking for essay topics about postwar Japan? If you've done some research on the subject, then you're a much better reader than me, and a better writer, but that doesn't make me qualified to give you some ideas.The key to a good essay topic about postwar Japan is to be succinct. There's no point in diving into too much detail if you'll only give your reader a headache. If you want to write an essay about the war, take a snapshot of what it was like and try to explain the relevant facts using these bullet points.These bullets are an important issue that should never be left out of your essay. Even if it takes up most of the space in your paper, make sure you include the issue in a way that's easy to read. You don't have to spend your life trying to figure out what the situation was. It's time to put things into words and let your readers decide for themselves.Even if you're writing about World War II, as I've done, remember that you're dealing with an event that has been happening for fifty years. You've got to have the word count down to a sensible level. The 'wow' factor will just annoy your readers.We're not talking about a middle school textbook here. Get a good idea of how much space you have to work with. You're going to need to look at some essays, especially history, and give them a number and see if they seem reasonable.Don't worry about getting your essay topics into as many words as possible. If you've got too many words, you could get the entire point across and then have nothing else to say. If you have too little space, you might miss something that's significant.There are ways to get a perspective on the Japanese role in postwar Japan. I can tell you from personal experience that even though there are a lot of problems still standing between Japan and the rest of the world, I believe that the writer can do a great job at making a positive statement.

Oil And Its Impact On The Economy - 1350 Words

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In general, low prices are considered good for importers of oil because it not only improves consumer spending but also improves the trade balance of a country. Therefore an increase in oil prices has a considerable negative impact on the GDP growth country which imports oil. Whereas drop in Oil Price is bad for oil exporters as it could put a pessimism in revenues of oil exporting countries where crude exports play an enormously

Louis Armstrong The Influential Shapers Of Jazz Music

Louis Armstrong is one of the influential shapers of Jazz music. Armstrong had an ability to master both the instrumental and vocal aspects of older Jazz, and hence revolutionized contemporary jazz. Armstrong’s ability changed his position in the band. He quickly became the centerpiece of a performance, while other performers became more of a background due to his incomparable talent in both vocals and the cornet. This helped emphasize his unique style of performance of contemporary jazz. Armstrong’s style was considered groundbreaking and his improvisation enhanced this idea, as it brought it anew facet to the genre. His ability to play became superbly popular, and helped direct people such as Dizzy Gillespie and Duke Ellington to further the bubbliness and enthusiasm that he provided to the audience. His performances were also varied, from playing instruments such as the trumpet and the cornet, to singing and even band leading, all of which were unrivalled by most ot her performers of that and many other eras of music. Being born in New Orleans, which was already a melting pot for several forms of music, Armstrong evolved adeptly through learning the Cornet . Although his childhood was somewhat harsh, He was able to pursue his musical career through the help of his mentor and inspiration, King Oliver. After years of practice, Armstrong quickly climbed the ladder of success with his talent and unique technique during the Swing era of Jazz. He combined Fletcher Henderson’s

Marketing Communication Plans Free-Samples -Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Briefly describe the Industry Market for your Organisation2.Outline and examine the Major Market segments for your Organisation and identify your primary and secondary target Markets.3.Describe the nature of competition in your industry. Explain and analyse your organisations place in the market by Comparing and Contrasting its Strengths and Weaknesses to your main Competitor.4.Taking into Consideration the Primary Segment, their level of Involvement and the Competition, create a positioning map for the Market place. Answers: Introduction Marketing is the process in which various tools and techniques are employed by an organization to create awareness of its products and services among people in the market. Nowadays, marketing is essential for businesses because it directly supports in enhancing the volume of sales and profitability(Hannah, Parent, Pitt, Berthon, 2014). However, it can be critically argued that management of marketing practices is not an easy task for companies as they are required to invest vast ranges of efforts and resources. The current research is based on Apple Inc. which is an American based multinational technology company. The organization was established in 1976 and at present, it is considered as the leading brand in the world. This study explores industry market of Apple Inc. in Australia. Furthermore, the primary and secondary market segment of the brand is also highlighted in the present research. 1.Industry analysis and market trends In a market such as Australia, the company is operating with the name of Apple Pty and is headquartered in Sydney(IBIS World, 2016). The main products and services offered by the organization in Australia include softwares, mobile phones, consumer electronics, personal computers, and portable media devices. The brand has also established its retail stores in areas such as Western Australia, New South Wales, Canberra, Victoria, South Australia, Queensland, etc. The industry in which Apple Inc. is operating is consumer electronic industry. It can be expressed that at present, the consumer electronic market of Australia is at declining stage. In addition to this, it has become very challenging for the organizations to maintain the interest of people within the industry(Kane, Palmer, Phillips, Kiron, Buckley, 2015). The demand for products and services offered by leading brands is declining, and these companies are facing issues regarding increasing their volume of sales and profitability in Australia(EuroMonitor International, 2016). In the consumer electronics industry of Australia, Apple Inc. is facing intense competition from the brands such as Samsung Electronics Australia Pty Ltd, Lenovo Pty Ltd, and Hewlett-Packard Australia Pty Ltd, etc. The Australian consumer electronic industry has reached stages such as maturity and saturation. It means that the competition among existing market players in the sector is highly intense. Further, it is now required by brands such as Apple, Samsung, and Lenovo to reduce the price of their products and services to attract more customers(Strauss, 2016). The industry is also getting affected by the Free Trade Agreement between China and Australia. It can be stated that the agreement has resulted in the price war as many Chinese products offering same features at low prices have entered the market. On the contrary, the internet retailing has continued to grow despite the fact that the overall growth rate of the industry is declining. To sustain in the marketplace, it is required by Apple Inc. to develop products and services which are highly innovative. The rationale behind this is that innovation will support the brand in carrying out differentiation. In addition to this, innovative products will also result in providing the competitive advantage to the selected business enterprise(Babin Zikmund, 2015). However, it can be critically argued that even on the stage of the intense competition, some companies have witnessed positive growth in the consumer electronic market of Australia. For example, brand such as Apple and Cannon has acquired adequate growth rate in the year 2016. On the other side of this, the tablet market in the country has experienced the decline in the demand and thus, sales and revenues of many companies have been affected by the same. The net sales of Apple Inc. have declined, but the brand can achieve adequate growth by selling ample volume of its expensive Smartphone(West, Ford, Ibrahim, 2015). The sales of brands such as Philips was almost constant in the industry and at the same time companies such as Sony corporation has managed to achieve 5% increase in its sales volume. Pestle analyses It can be expressed that the operations and business practices of companies in consumer electronic market are directly affected by macro environment factors existing in the country. At the time of carrying out its activities, a business such as Apple Inc. is influenced by political factors such as changing government policies and tax rates(Scott, 2015). At present, the political environment of Australia is stable and therefore, businesses can carry out a smooth flow of all their operations. Further, political agreements such as Free Trade Agreement between China and Australia have also positively affected the operations of Apple. In the first quarter of 2017, the economy has expanded by 0.3%, and in the year 2016, the economy has grown by 2.5% which is quite good(FocusEconomics, 2017). It can be expressed that adequate economic growth has somehow helped businesses in the consumer electronics industry to maintain their sales and profitability. However, social factors have adversely affected the demand for products and services offered by the companies. Nowadays, consumers in the industry are not much interested in buying the existing products offered by companies in Australia, and they want something new and innovative. The result of this is that many businesses are not able to attain the expected growth rate and at the same time the demand also declined. Macro environmental factors such as technology have positively affected the entire industry. The adaption of new and upgraded technology has helped businesses in the industry to serve customers with more innovative and satisfactory products(Blakeman, 2014). On the other hand, the organization's practices and policies are also affected by factors such as legal. It is required by companies to follow all the rules and regulations developed by Australia strictly. Furthermore, businesses are also restricted to make use of unfair practices and carry out war price within the industry. At the time of conducting operations in the industry, it is also required by organizations to ensure that activities do not adversely affect the environment. The government and other regulatory authorities are stringent and force businesses to adopt sustainable practices. The impact of this is that organization such as the Apple Inc. is required to carry out certain changes in its existing practices, and this has resulted in increasing the overall operational cost(Montgomerie Roscoe, 2013). 2.Major Market Segments (Stp) The market for businesses can be broadly classified into two broad categories which are business markets and consumers markets. Further, business markets consist of groups and persons who purchase products and services from companies with an objective to resale them or to produce other products(Chaston, 2015). On the other side of this, consumer markets consist of people and groups who purchase the goods, services for carrying out the ultimate consumption of the same. Market segmentation can be termed as the process of dividing the entire market into different subsets of the customer with similar demand, needs, and characteristics. Primary and secondary markets In the context of Apple Inc., it can be asserted that the brand has two different market segments which are primary and secondary. The major market segment includes individuals and parties which purchase the products and services for their end consumers. On the other hand, the secondary market segment of Apple Inc. includes retailers and persons who buy the goods and services from the company and resale the same to end users. The process of market segmentation is carried out by different segmentation variables(Parente Strausbaugh-Hutchinson, 2014). The key variable includes demographic, psychographic, behavioural and geographical variables. Here, Apple is using demographic variables for carrying out segmentation of its market in Australia. The company has divided its primary market by demographic variable which is income level. Further, it has targeted people who fall into the category of middle and higher income group. Individuals who seek for maintaining a luxurious lifestyle is m ainly aimed at the selected business enterprise. Working professionals and teenagers are also included in the target market for Apple, and the brand offers products such as I phone, Mac book, and tablets to these customers(Kumar, Townsend, Vorhies, 2015). The company has also carried out geographic segmentation of its market, and urban areas of the country are mainly targeted by Apple Inc. Regarding secondary target market, the brand focuses on targeting retail stores, shops operating at small, medium and large scale. These businesses buy products from Apple and resale them by keeping some profit margin. Involvement of primary market in organizations decision making It can be expressed that the primary market for Apple plays a crucial role in the overall decision making. In the present scenario, the competition among businesses operating in the consumer electronics industry of Australia has become highly intense. The result of this is that companies are required to carry out changes in their existing products and services offering at regular intervals. Apart from this, decisions regarding modifications in existing business strategy and marketing tactics are also required to be made by corporations. At the time of making decisions, it is necessary for Apple Inc. to understand the entire decision-making process of people in the country. The consumer buying decision process includes five major stages which are problem recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase and post purchase behaviour(Hao, Guo, Easley, 2015). All these steps are required to be taken into consideration by the organization during the process of decision making. For example, it is necessary to develop products and services by identifying the changing demand of people in the Australian market. In addition to this, the business is also required to carry out aggressive marketing of its products and services to ensure that Apples products are displayed at the top when an individual enters the stage of information search to satisfy the identified demand(Hennessy, Hennessy, Najjar, Najjar, 2017). At the time of evaluation of alternatives also, the company is required to make sure that its products are better regarding quality and durability in comparison with the products offered by other market players. Even in the stage such as post purchase behaviour, the organization needs to ensure that satisfactory after sale services are available to the customers. The rationale behind this is that such services will contribute to enhancing the degree of customer loyalty and repeat purchase. The primary market segment provides a lot in the overall decision-making process of the selected business. Apple Inc. carries out intense market research to identify the changing demand and need of people in the market(Newton Ojo, 2017). Based on the information collected through these investigations, the company makes decisions with regards to the development of new product or modification in the existing ones. In addition to this, the primary market segment of Apple also plays vital role in making decisions linked with the implementation of various marketing tools, techniques, and strategies. It can be asserted that decision linked with the development of marketing mix in Australia is also affected a lot by changing demand and needs of primary segment. Thus, the mentioned-above information indicates that there is the high degree of involvement of primary sector in the process of Apples decision making(Kopp Langenderfer, 2014). For example, the process of decision making is influenced by the views and feedback provided by the customer of Apple Inc. 3.Competition analysis At present, the competition within consumer electronic industry is highly intense, and this has created obstacles for companies regarding achieving higher sales and profitability. It can be stated that Apple Inc. is facing intense competition from brands such as Samsung in its mobile phone segment(Choi, Kim, Yoon, 2014). The main strength of Samsung is that it is considered as one of the most successful electronic manufacturers in the world. The brand operates with a diversified range of products which include Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), smart phones, mobile phones, television sets, etc. On the other side of this, the key strength of Apple Inc. is its advertisement and marketing capabilities. It has helped the brand to create more and more awareness among people in the market. Powerful and efficient ad practices have also supported Apple Inc. in getting the competitive advantage over other market players. A comparison between Apple and its competitor key strength and weakness is mentioned below as: Company Strength Weaknesses Apple Inc Advertisement capability Innovative products Meeting expectation of customers Dependency of few products Samsung Impressive research and design capabilities The most successful electronic manufacturer Ineffective marketing as compared to Apple Inc. Limited growth in market such as Europe and USA After carrying out the comparison between Apple Inc. and its key competitor, it can be stated that the biggest weakness of Apple lies in its dependency on few products. On the other hand, the weakness of Samsung is that its marketing practices are not as effective as Apple. This weakness has created various obstacles for Samsung regarding stealing the market share from Apple Inc(Gupta Prinzinger, 2013). The innovative products offered by Apple have also supported the company in getting the competitive advantage over other players operating in the market. On the contrary, an impressive research and design capability have helped the organization to attract more and more customers within the industry. 4.Positioning map highlights how a particular business enterprise has positioned itself in the marketplace as compared to key competitors. Figure 1Positioning Map - Apple Inc. From the positioning mentioned above map, it is clear that Apple Inc. has positioned itself as a brand which offers high quality of products and services at a great price. The company focuses a lot on areas such as innovation. Furthermore, it also believes that changing the lives of people in the society through its innovative products and services(Dalgic Leeuw, 2015). Apart from this, sufficient quality parameters have been set by the brand to ensure that individuals in the market are being delivered with the most prominent quality of products and services. The result of this is that even if the company has adopted a high price strategy, it has been the success in attracting a large number of customers(Newton Ojo, 2017). Samsung which is considered as the main competitor of Apple also falls in the same category where it is delivering high-quality products at high prices. The mentioned-above positioning map reflects that LG is offering low-quality products at low prices. Conclusion From the above carried out research report, it can be concluded that Apple Inc. has witnessed adequate growth in Australia market despite the declining consumer electronic industry. Furthermore, it can be inferred that factor such as political, economic and technological has supported Apple Inc. in its long term growth and development. On the other side of this, the figure of sales and profitability has been affected due to changing demand and needs of people in the Australian market. The primary market of Apple includes individuals and groups who buy apple for their consumption, and the secondary market includes individuals or parties who purchase Apples products for reselling purpose. It can be inferred that Apple has positioned itself as a brand which offers high quality of goods and services at high prices. Further, the company is facing intense competition from market players such as Samsung, and the high degree of competition has adversely affected the growth rate of Apple Inc. References Babin, B. J., Zikmund, W. G. (2015). Exploring marketing research. Boston: Cengage Learning. Blakeman, R. (2014). Integrated marketing communication: creative strategy from idea to implementation. . Maryland: Rowman Littlefield. Chaston, I. (2015). Entrepreneurial Marketing: Sustaining Growth in All Organisations. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Choi, J., Kim, B. J., Yoon, S. (2014). UX and Strategic Management: A Case Study of Smartphone (Apple vs. Samsung) and Search Engine (Google vs. Naver) Industry. Cham: Springer, Cham. Dalgic, T., Leeuw, M. (2015). Niche marketing revisited: theoretical and practical issues. In Proceedings of the 1993 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference . Cham: Springer, Cham. EuroMonitor International. (2016, November). Consumer Electronics in Australia. Retrieved August 27, 2017, from EuroMonitor International: https://www.euromonitor.com/consumer-electronics-in-australia/report FocusEconomics. (2017, July 18). Australia Economic Outlook. Retrieved August 27, 2017, from FocusEconomics: https://www.focus-economics.com/countries/australia Gupta, A., Prinzinger, J. (2013). Apple, Inc.: Where Is It Going From Here?. . Journal of Business Case Studies , 215. Hannah, D., Parent, M., Pitt, L., Berthon, P. (2014). It's a secret: Marketing value and the denial of availability. Business Horizons, , 49-59. Hao, L., Guo, H., Easley, R. (2015). A mobile platforms monetizing strategy for advertising under agency pricing for app sales. Working paper. France: Notre Dame University. Hennessy, J., Hennessy, J., Najjar, A., Najjar, A. (2017). Apple Computer, Inc.: Think Different, Think Online Music. Kellogg School of Management Cases , 1-24. IBIS World. (2016, September 24). Apple Pty Limited - Profile Company Report Australia. Retrieved August 27, 2017, from IBIS World: https://www.ibisworld.com.au/ Kane, G. C., Palmer, D., Phillips, A. N., Kiron, D., Buckley, N. (2015). Strategy, not technology, drives digital transformation. MIT Sloan Management Review and Deloitte University Press, , 14. Kopp, S. W., Langenderfer, J. (2014). Protecting appearance and atmospherics: Trade dress as a component of retail strategy. Journal of Public Policy Marketing , 34-48. Kumar, M., Townsend, J. D., Vorhies, D. W. (2015). Enhancing consumers' affection for a brand using product design. Journal of Product Innovation Management , 716-730. Montgomerie, J., Roscoe, S. (2013). Owning the consumerGetting to the core of the Apple business model. Netherlands: Elsevier. Newton, S., Ojo, M. (2017). Driving Traffic and Customer Activity Through Affiliate Marketing: Understanding and Addressing. Driving Traffic and Customer Activity Through Affiliate Marketing, , 101. Parente, D., Strausbaugh-Hutchinson, K. (2014). Advertising campaign strategy: A guide to marketing communication plans. Boston: Cengage Learning. Scott, D. M. (2015). The new rules of marketing and PR: How to use social media, online video, mobile applications, blogs, news releases, and viral marketing to reach buyers directly. . New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. Strauss, J. (2016). E-marketing. Abingdon-on-Thames: Routledge. West, D. C., Ford, J., Ibrahim, E. (2015). Strategic marketing: creating competitive advantage. Oxford : Oxford University Press

The Giver (synopsis of main character) Essay Example For Students

The Giver (synopsis of main character) Essay The Giver Main Character Jonas, the main character in The Giver by Lois Lowry, is a very strong person, which allows him to go farther in life then the people that surround him. Throughout Jonass life he has known nothing but ;sameness;. He lives in a Utopian community where there are no choices and everyone in his world has their lives laid out for them. But, Jonas is given the job of ;Receiver of Memory;. He alone knows the truths of the world, a world with colors, pain, and choices. We will write a custom essay on The Giver (synopsis of main character) specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now What he does with these truths will bring obstacles to his life that will show the readers not only his strengths but his weaknesses as well. Jonas is made to bear the truths of the world alone and is troubled by what he should do with it. Jonas at first doesnt want the memories because after receiving several of them, all that Jonas has known is being questioned and his world turned upside down. He is angry and afraid after receiving his first set of memories. Angry because of what has been kept from him and afraid because now he doesnt know what to do. Jonas is uncertain whether the world he learns of is best for his community and if people can be trusted to make decisions on their own. In a conversation to The Giver (person passing down the memories) about whether or not it is safe to allow people to make their own choices, Jonas say, What if they are allowed to choose their own mate? And chose wrong? . . . We really have to protect people from wrong choices. But, by the end of that conversation he is uncertain about his feelings and about many other things. Jonas is confused because he doesnt know what he should do about it or if he should do anything at all. Jonas finally decides to change the world (at least the one he knows of), but he faces many obstacles trying to do so. Jonas speaks to the Giver about giving memories to the community . He wants to share them with everyone and change the way the community works. He wants to give them choices and show them that there are differences. The Giver says the only way the community will receive them is if Jonas goes to the beyond and loses his connection to them. Then and only then will the memories be released. Meaning Jonas must leave all his family and friends and go out into the unknown. Jonas is willing to take that chance, only for the sake of the new child in his family, Gabriel, whom he desperately wants to save. Jonas decides to go even though it means leaving his world behind for a new world he knows nothing about. Through Jonass problems the reader is able to see his weaknesses and strengths. Jonass only evident weakness is ignorance. Even though Jonas is given all the knowledge of the world he is still unsure about everything. At first he doesnt realize the magnitude of importance his job has. He doesnt grasp the idea that whatever he decides to do with his knowledge with change the community forever. He takes on his work and the decisions he makes lightly without considering the effects that he wHI have on others. At many times he is selfish because he doesnt have experience in making choices and doesnt realize how much his choices can and who effect others. Jonass main strength is that he is very strong in mind. His world has been changed forever and all he ever thought was true is wrong, but throughout this he has remained strong. .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863 , .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863 .postImageUrl , .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863 , .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863:hover , .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863:visited , .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863:active { border:0!important; } .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863:active , .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863 .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uedc4fcf93959c76f6310569304c01863:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Hobby and Sport Essay For a mere 12-year-old Chad, Jonas has shown strengths that most adults never possess. He has the strength to endure the pain and suffering he is forced to deal with and the strength to do something about it. Jonass ignorance and strength are evident when the Giver gives him the memories. Jonass efforts are successful in some ways. He does manage to leave the community and is strong enough to carry on throughout his adventure into the unknown. Lowry never states whether his old community has .

Teaching Writing to Beginning ESL Students

Teaching Writing to Beginning ESL Students Beginner-level writing classes are challenging to teach because of the students still-limited knowledge of the language. For a beginner-level student, you wouldnt start out with exercises such as, write a paragraph about your family or write three sentences describing your best friend. Before diving into short paragraphs, it is helpful to set up students with concrete tasks. Start With the Nuts and Bolts For many students- especially those who are native to languages that represent letters or words in alphabets vastly different from Englishs 26 letters- knowing that a sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with a period is not necessarily intuitive. Make sure to start off by teaching your student some basics: Begin each sentence with a capital letter.End each sentence with a period and a question with a question mark.Use capital letters  with proper names and  the pronoun I.Each sentence contains a subject, verb and, usually, a complement (such as a prepositional phrase or direct object).Basic sentence structure is: Subject verb complement. Focus on Parts of Speech To teach writing, students must know the basic parts of speech. Review nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Ask students to categorize words in these four categories. Taking time to ensure students understand the role of each part of speech in a sentence will pay off. Suggestions to Help With Simple Sentences After students have an understanding of the groundwork, use simple sentence structures to help them begin writing. Sentences may be very repetitive in these exercises, but the use of compound and complex sentences are too advanced for students at this stage in the learning process. Only after students gain confidence through a number of simple exercises will they be able to move on to more complicated tasks, such as joining elements with a conjunction to make a compound subject or verb. Then they will graduate to using short compound sentences and adding short introductory phrases. Simple Exercise Examples Simple Exercise 1: Describing Yourself In this exercise, teach standard phrases on the board, such as: My name is ... I am from ... I live in ... I am married/single. I go to school/work at ... I (like to) play ... I like ... I speak ... Use only simple verbs such as live, go, work, play, speak, and like as well as set phrases with the verb to be. After students feel comfortable with these simple phrases, introduce writing about another person with you, he, she, or they.   Simple Exercise 2: Describing a Person After students have learned basic factual descriptions, move on to describing people. In this case, help students by writing out descriptive vocabulary in categories. For example: Physical Appearance tall/shortbeautiful/good-lookingwell-dressedold/young Physical Attributes eyeshair Personality funnyshyoutgoinghard-workingfriendlylazyrelaxed Then, write out verbs on the board. Ask the students to use words from the categories in conjunction with the verbs to teach students how to formulate simple descriptive sentences. Through this, teach students to use be with adjectives describing physical appearance and personality traits.  Teach them to use have with physical attributes (long hair, big eyes, etc.).  For example: I am ... (hardworking/outgoing/shy/etc.) I have ... (long hair/big eyes) Additional Exercise Ask students to write about one person, using the verbs and vocabulary presented in both exercises. As you check the students work, make sure that they are writing simple sentences and not stringing too many attributes together.  At this point, it is better if students do not use multiple adjectives in a sentence in a row because this requires a good understanding of  adjective order. In this case, simplicity prevents confusion. Simple Exercise 3: Describing an Object Continue working on writing skills by asking students to describe objects. Use the following categories to help students classify words to use in their writing: Shapes roundsquareoval Color redblueyellow Textures smoothsoftrough Materials woodmetalplastic Verbs is made from/offeelsishaslooks likeï » ¿looks Variation: Ask students to write a description of an object without naming the object. Other students should then guess what the object is. For example: This object is round and smooth. It is made of metal. It has many buttons. I use it to listen to music.

Is social inequality meritocratic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Is social inequality meritocratic - Essay Example One motive for the incredible persistence of social hierarchies is that they are reinforced by ideology, cultural viewpoints that cause and maintain the interest of definite categories of people and justify stratification. Naturally, ideology takes the structure of developing cultural patterns that are confirmed directly and indirectly in accordance with a disproportionate distribution of resources and rights to definite categories of people. Melvin M. Tumin studied social stratification and inequality and summarized: functional justification is similar to class system; we act according to certain patterns or sets of ideas. Social stratification can in fact cause demotivation of people, those who are deprived of their rights might also be demotivated. Also Tumin states that social stratification depends on relations of power and distribution of power in society. "The main functional necessity explaining the universal presence of stratification is precisely the requirement faced by an y society of placing and motivating individuals in the social structure. As a functioning mechanism a society must somehow distribute its members in social positions and induce them to perform the duties of these positions. It must thus concern itself with motivation at two different levels: to instill in the proper individuals the desire to fill certain positions, and, once in these positions, the desire to perform the duties attached to them" (Tumin, 1953, socserv2.mcmaster.ca, par. 5). Social inequality systems' purpose is to provide the privileged classes with the political power needed to obtain recognition and supremacy of an ideology which rationalizes the status quo, whatever it may be, as "logical," "natural" and "morally right. This way, social inequality systems are those of fundamentally conservative influences in the societies in which they are established. So Tumin states that meritocracy is based on the importance of one's status and occupation.Social-conflict perspec tive shows that, rather than benefiting society as a whole, social stratification guarantees that some people get advantage at the expense of others. Karl Marx states that the two main social classes match to the two basic relationships people have to the resources of production. People can own property or they can work for others. In industrialized class models, the capitalists (or the) manage plants, which use the manual labor of workers (the proletariat). Work that consists mostly of manual labor is known as "blue-collar" work whereas work that contains middle-management office jobs is known as "white-collar" jobs. Marx believed that social disparity was dangerous for society. Marx gives a vivid contraposition of those two classes and suggests that social inequality is exactly meritocratic, since 'white-collar' class is more privileged and comprises elite, which exploits proletarians, or people who have no own property. The inner merit of person from higher class is that he or sh e was born in such family and belongs to bourgeoisie.Marx's and Weber's concepts are similar in many aspects, so the author decided to compare them. The idea of class and class struggle does not occupy as significant a role in Weber as in Marx. In Weber's opinion, the rising speed of bureaucracy in all organizations is an unavoidable of the

Health Sociology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Health Sociology - Essay Example Also included is the criticism of capitalism which forces the lower working classes to be subject to the exploitation of the upper classes. This includes not only the working standards of the employees but a variety of other factors such as the standards of health which are determined by the bourgeoisie set to attain power. Through manipulating these means, they are able to produce surplus product which leads to profits and the upper classes accumulation of wealth and power for themselves. The last pattern set by Marxism is the need for the worker to revolt. It is only by standing up to the orders set for them by the upper classes that the proletariat can escape. This requires the workers to unite through unions and political parties to stand against the control of the rich ruling classes. Thus, the Marxist policy is very consistent with the idea of exploitation done by the ruling class to maintain their power over the poorer and less powerful working classes. While most Marxist opinions are based upon the concept of economic determinism and its effect on the resulting class conflict, Marx and Engels have been unable to come with a unified and direct theory on over-all purpose of civil society itself. However this purpose of society can be understood by examining the work done by both men. This includes the criticism of the 19th century social systems, the advantages of a communist system and its superiority to the exploitation committed by the capitalist systems and the Marxist need for a justified revolution that would allow the workers to gain their due rights (Peffer 1990).Thus, Marxists aim for a health system that will not deprive the poor of their rights to a justifiable and efficient system that will provide for their basic needs and wants. Marxists view the health care system as a method for capitalist societies to search for profits while maintaining their capitalist domination and capital accumulation (Waitzkin 1983). Marx saw the problems created by the inequality amongst the classes. The conditions borne by the lower working classes were dismal. The working classes were living in an abject state of poverty and were deprived of many material goods. Not only were they paid a minimum wage which prevented them from buying anything but the basic necessities of life but they also lived together which allowed the diseases amongst them to spread at a much higher speed. This unbridled capitalist system created a breeding ground for disease amongst the proletariat (Baggott 2004). There is no doubt that the upper classes are not immune to the disease and infections spread caused by the social and economic conditions, but the number of ill-health between the rich and poor are severely disproportionate. This was coupled with the health services provided to the two different classes. Both were phenomenally different. This proved the Marxist concept that while the rich prospered; the working class lived in poo r conditions under them. The idea is that the health of managerial and professional classes tends to improve while those of the poorer

Soft Drink Industry Essay Example for Free

Soft Drink Industry Essay A soft drink is a non-alcoholic beverage typically containing water often carbonated water and a flavoring agent. Many of these beverages are sweetened by the addition of sugar or high fructose They may also contain ingredients such as caffeine and fruit juice. They are called soft in contrast to hard drinksthat is, alcoholic beverages. Small amounts of alcohol may be present in a soft drink, but the alcohol content generally must be less than 0. 5% of the total volume if the drink is to be considered non-alcoholic. Soft drinks are usually served chilled or at room temperature, are rarely heated, and generally do not include milk or other dairy beverages. Beverages that are typically not considered soft drinks include hot chocolate, hot tea, coffee, pure juice and milkshake. History of soft drinks. Soft drinks trace their history back to the mineral waters found in natural springs. Ancient societies believed that bathing in natural springs and/or drinking mineral waters could cure many diseases. Among the earliest soft drinks were sherbets developed by Arabic chemists and originally served in the medieval Near East. Dandelion burdock, a naturally carbonated drink made from fermented dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) and burdock (Arctium lappa) roots, was first made in England in around 1265. The first marketed soft drinks (non-carbonated) in the Western world appeared in the 17th century. They were made from water and lemon juice sweetened with honey. In 1676, the Compagnie des Limonadiers of Paris was granted a monopoly for the sale of lemonade soft drinks. Vendors carried tanks of lemonade on their backs and dispensed cups of the soft drink to thirsty Parisians. In late 18th century, scientists made important progress in replicating naturally carbonated mineral waters. In 1767, Englishman Joseph Priestley first discovered a method of infusing water with carbon dioxide to make carbonated water when he suspended a bowl of distilled water above a beer vat at a local brewery in Leeds, England. His invention of carbonated water, (also known as soda water), is the major and defining component of most soft drinks. Priestley found water thus treated had a pleasant taste, and he offered it to friends as a refreshing drink.? 1881 The first cola-flavored beverage introduced. ? 1886 Dr. John S. Pemberton invented coca cola in Atlanta, Georgia. ? 1892 William Painter invented the crown bottle cap. ? 1898 Pepsi-Cola is invented by Caleb Bradham. ? Early 1920s The first automatic vending machines dispensed sodas into cups. ? 1957 The first aluminum cans used. ? 1959 The first diet cola sold. ? 1965 Soft drinks in cans dispensed from vending machines. ? 1970 Plastic bottles are used for soft drinks Coca cola and pepsi Coca-Cola was the 1st international soft drinks brand to enter India in early 1970’s. Re-entry of Coca-Cola in 1993 On the 26th of October 1993, Coca-Cola re-entered the Indian market having acquired some of the leading Indian soft drink brands from Parle, namely Thums-Up, Maaza, Limca, Goldspot Citra. These brands joined Coke’s portfolio of international brands i. e. Coca-Cola, Sprite, Fanta, Schweppes as Coca-Cola India took control of the top soft drink brands in India from the very beginning. From 1993 to 2003, company invested US $ 1 billion in India. Thebeginningofcolawar For the Cricket World Cup 1996, Pepsi was not the official sponsor of the tournament, Coke was. But Pepsi had a whole pool of best players roped in as brand ambassadors from the sub continent and abroad. The ad campaign of â€Å"Nothing Official About it† rocked the country and despite Coke being the official sponsor, it was Pepsi which hogged the publicity. In 1998, with the release of blockbuster movie â€Å"Kuch Kuch Hota Hai†, Pepsi took out another ace from its sleeve, featuring Shahrukh, Rani and Kajol in its ad. The punch line was â€Å"Yeh Dil Maange More† which was an iconic line and struck a chord amongst the people. Coca-Cola countered by spoofing the ad, using Sprite, to hilarious effect. Pepsi responded with a spoof of its own, starring Azhar and Jadeja hitting on the Coke line of â€Å"Eat Cricket, Sleep Cricket, Drink Only Coca Cola† with the punch line of â€Å"More More Cricket, More More Pepsi†. Coke again hit back, this time with Thumbs Up ad. They portrayed the cricketers as monkeys and ended the ad with â€Å"Don’t be a bunder (monkey) Taste the Thunder! † Situation turned ugly with Pepsi going to court and finally ended with Coke withdrawing the ad. The Cola wars went on full-fledged till 2003, when a pesticide controversy forced Coke and Pepsi to fight on the same side in so called â€Å"Indias New Cola Wars†. TheControversies Presence of Pesticides: In 2003, the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) findings stirred the beverage industry in India. CSE claimed to find dangerous levels of pesticides in all the 57 samples of 11 soft drinks brands collected by the organization from 25 different manufacturing units of Coca-Cola and PepsiCo spread over 12 states. The study found a cocktail of three-five different pesticides in all the samples on an average 24 times higher than norms laid down by government-run Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS). Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat and Kerala banned the sale of Colas in schools, colleges and government departments, and other states also took adversarial measures. The day after the CSE’s announcement, Coke and Pepsi came together in a rare show of solidarity at a joint press conference. The companies attacked the credibility of the CSE and their lab results, citing regular testing at independent laboratories proving the safety of their products. They promised to provide this data to the public, threatened legal action against the CSE while seeking a gag order, and contacted the United States Embassy in India for assistance. They roped in major film stars to explain their purity to public. Despite all these measures, sales dipped by as much as 80% in some regions. The soft drinks industry took over a year to get back on the growth track. Ground Water Crisis: Coca-Cola was recently accused of ground water depletion in many areas of the country. Coca-Cola’s bottling operations – which extract hundreds of millions of liters of water from the groundwater resource – have significantly worsened the water crisis as groundwater levels have dropped sharply since Coca-Cola started its operations. The company was also accused of indiscriminately dumping its toxic waste into the surrounding areas – polluting the water as well as the land. The Coke reiterated its commitment to trim down water usage and take steps towards environment sustainability and farmer’s welfare. However, activists retort that Coca Cola is in the business of water usage and wasting, creating a luxury product largely for the middle class. Amidst various allegations and controversies, the soft drinks industry in India, supported by its booming economy, strengthening middle class and low per capita consumption, is growing at a cruising pace. The focus has shifted from carbonated drinks to Fruit drinks, with both the companies launching Lemon drinks in 2009-10. In the next few years, the fruit juice category is likely to carry the growth flag forward as consumers become more health conscious.

erereCreate Your Own Emergency Boot Disk :: essays research papers

Hardware Tips: Create Your Own Emergency Boot Disk Create an emergency boot disk, identify mysterious components. Pop quiz: Windows won't start. Do you: A. Panic; B. Take a siesta; C. Calmly smile as you pull out your customized emergency boot disk, use it to start your computer, and proceed to fix your system? If you answered C, I commend you. If you chose B, I envy you. But if you picked A, I can help. It's time for you to make an emergency boot disk that does the standard Windows version one better. Every version of Windows 9x lets you make an emergency boot floppy disk. When you boot from the floppy, Windows takes you to a DOS prompt where you can run DOS utility programs to evaluate and repair your hard disk, fix Windows, copy critical data to a safe location, or (in the worst case) reinstall Windows. Creating a boot floppy is the same in all versions of Windows 9x and in Me: Select Start, Settings, Control Panel, open the Add/Remove applet, select the Startup Disk tab, and click Create Disk. (You'll need a blank, formatted floppy disk.) If Windows is already misbehaving and you can't make a boot floppy, insert your Windows 98 or Windows Me CD-ROM and reboot. Check the boot options section of your system's CMOS setup program to find out whether your PC supports CD-ROM boot-up. To open your CMOS setup program, restart your computer and press Delete, F1, F8, or whatever key your PC tells you to press to enter setup. If your system can boot from its CD-ROM, you'll see the same DOS prompt brought up by the boot floppy; the CD-ROM lacks many of the floppy's DOS utilities, however. Windows boot floppies contain useful DOS troubleshooting utilities, but they lack some of the key files you'll need to get your system up and running. CD-ROM drive. You need special DOS drivers for your PC's CD-ROM drive to run under DOS. Windows 98 and Me boot disks automatically install generic DOS drivers that work with many, if not most, CD-ROM drives. To see if you're in the driver's seat, use your boot floppy to get a DOS prompt, place a CD in the CD-ROM drive, and type dir n: (where n is the letter assigned to your CD-ROM drive). If you see a list of the files on the CD, the DOS driver works. If you don't see a list of the CD's files, make sure you're looking under the right drive letter.

Billy Liar: How to play Rita in her first scene

I have been using the Nelson Thornes Dramascripts edition of Billy Liar. I will discuss how I would play Rita in the selected scene. In this particular scene, I think it is important to show how aggravating the character of Rita is to everyone else on stage, and while I want the audience to understand this too, it is also a scene rich in moments with comic potential. For most of the section, Rita is pushy and aggressive; however there are occasional moments when she almost lets her guard down. I wish to explore the subtextual side of Rita's personality including the motives for her wanting the engagement ring from Billy. I view Rita as more complex than she may appear on first impressions, and instead of solely wanting the ring to show off, she may desire the ring to give her a feeling of belonging, to prove to herself and those around her that she can be loved, as in places, she could be seen as a deeply insecure character. At the beginning of the selected section, when Rita first makes her entrance, I want the audience to see how Rita does anything to get what she wants, even if it entails storming into a stranger's house. I would also want the audience to see that she is a formidable character, who will stop at nothing to achieve her goal. I would enter onto the stage by striding from the back of the room, through the gap in the middle of the seating, walking quickly with clenched fists to show aggression. I would pause at the entrance to the stage at the end of the walkway, to allow time for the audience and other characters to take in what has happened. During this pause I would narrow my eyes, as if locking in on a target, and adopt a posture with one hip jutted to the left with my hand placed on it, and one knee slightly bent. I would have a menacing, and almost snarling facial expression, and my breathing would be heavier and more exaggerated to show that Rita is angry, but is trying to control herself. After this, I would strut quickly and purposefully down to the main area of the stage, where I would pause again centre-stage, while scanning the room. This would give an intimidating impression to the audience as well as the rest of the cast. During the 1950's, the Domestic Revolution took place and people began taking more pride in their homes, as they had more money to spend on new appliances for the house. By storming into someone's house at this period in time, it highlights the rudeness Rita displays in this section. As the scene progresses, Rita's anger is exacerbated by other people's reactions to her entrance. Billy tries to â€Å"guide Rita towards the door† which would aggravate her, as she is trying to appear as assertive in front of people which she wants to unnerve. While I want to let the audience know who is in control at this point in the scene, I still want to keep the fast-paced and chaotic atmosphere which prevails through most of this act. I am interpreting Rita's stage direction â€Å"shrugging him away† as something more violent, and when Billy tries to lead her away, I would respond by grabbing Billy's outstretched hand by the wrist and firmly pushing it back to his side. I would then deliver the line â€Å"take your mucky hands†¦ toffee-nosed get† starting on a high inflection to show Rita's indignation at being dragged around the room. I would let the inflection fall towards the end of the line, and practically spit out the last words â€Å"rotten toffee-nosed get†, over-pronouncing each consonant. During the next part of the line, â€Å"you didn't think I'd come in, did you? † I would slowly saunter over towards Billy, as if teasing him for not foreseeing my reaction. I would say the last two words â€Å"did you? † in a patronising tone of voice, almost mocking him. In the 1950's, when this play is set, it was not the norm for a woman to be superior to a man in any way, such as in the home or at work. By showing how Rita is overpowering Billy, it conveys the rebellion and self-confidence Rita possesses. The moment in which Rita notices Barbara for the first time is full of dramatic potential. At this point, Rita has been dominating the argument and when Barbara tells her that she is also engaged to Billy, Rita is taken aback and possibly even stunned into silence for a moment. I would want the audience to register this sudden change in the atmosphere. Barbara would say the line â€Å"Billy's grandma†¦ ill in bed†, at which point Rita first turns to Barbara and, after a sharp flick of her head in Barbara's direction, says â€Å"Oooh, look what the cat's brought in†¦ in a rotten iron lung†. This would be said in a high pitched voice, to sound like I am imitating Barbara and with a varying intonation to add to the childish connotations of imitating someone. Barbara's line â€Å"for your information, I happen to be Billy's fianci† is the one thing during this scene which alters Rita's otherwise constant mocking tone. After her line is said, I would initially begin as I said the previous line, saying the words â€Å"Oooh, for your information† in the same condescending tone as before, and the realisation of what Barbara really said would hit me after this part of the line. I would pause after these words, and slightly furrow my brow in a confused manner and purse my lips plaintively. I would slightly stutter on the next part of the line, as if I couldn't believe what I had just heard. Through the rest of the line, my intonation would rise higher and higher, and I would begin to accelerate my speech as Rita loses control and becomes more agitated, at being lied to by Billy, about someone which she would consider less desirable than her. This also reveals that Rita might care more about the engagement than she outwardly shows, and she might really be hurt that she couldn't make her relationship work. At the end of the line, I would straighten out my clothes as if ashamed of myself for letting my control on this situation momentarily slip. As this section goes on, the audience learns that Billy has given Barbara the engagement ring which was meant for Rita. This induces Rita's short monologue on the subject of the ring. Barbara's one-word line of â€Å"Billy! would be sharply cut into by Rita curtly scoffing, and then beginning her line, by saying, â€Å"Yeah, well you've got another think coming if you think I'm as daft as she is†. This would be said with a heavy inflection on the word ‘she' to indicate that she places herself above Barbara. The next words of â€Å"You gave that ring to me† would be said much slower, with pauses in between each 2 words to highlight her frustration. In each group of three words, I would point firstly at Billy, next to Barbara, and then finally to myself. This would include most of the people onstage in her rage to show that no one is immune to her outbursts. As Rita launches into an anecdote about ‘Shirley Mitchem' seeing Billy give her the ring, I would pace up and down the centre of the stage, with dramatic hand gestures on key words such as ‘witness' or ‘I've got two' to make her point clear to everyone watching. Again, as Rita is quite irate and despairing over Billy at this point, she would have an ascending intonation, but would sound quite flustered. This could be achieved by making her voice slightly breathy, and by sighing deeply at the end of her line. Rita, by this point in the section is aching for control again, and to come back to her usual cheeky self. She sees this opportunity when Alice tells her â€Å"you know as well as I do he's under-age†. After this line, I would pause slightly, turn my head to the audience and raise my eyebrows, in a sceptical fashion, as if letting the audience know that something interesting is about to happen. Leading with a turn of my head, I would begin to sashay gleefully over to Alice, and say the line â€Å"ask him†¦ over-age more like† with a relatively quiet voice, and edge ever closer to Alice, as if taunting her with this information. I think that Rita would be enjoying this particular moment, and so I would let a half-smile play across my face, almost as if I couldn't help but have fun with torturing Alice. I feel this would be a good way to act this line as this is Rita being able to be aggressive in a much more underhand manner, which shows her being a much more intelligent and scheming person than is often outwardly shown. This is in contrast to what a normal 1950's young woman would act like, as in this period, women were still expected to stay at home, look after children and not be as intelligent as men supposedly were. By Rita exercising a clever, sneaky side of her personality, she is opposing the norm in the 1950's, and even taking on the role which was seen as more masculine. At the end of this section, Rita has asserted herself again in the pole position in this dispute. I still want the audience to see the predominant, pushy side of her. As she rudely cuts into Billy's tired explanation, I would hold up my hand in an outstretched stop sign, almost pushing it into his face, to show just how sick of his convoluted excuses she is. After this I would return my hands to my hips and strut downstage while saying â€Å"well she can have you†¦ very much doubt† and during these lines, I would have a smug expression on my face. However, this would quickly change to a scowl with a furrowed forehead, as I begin to reel off the list of insults which Rita throws at Billy. These successive slurs would result in me repeatedly prodding Billy on his chest while quickly walking in his direction, almost chasing him. The volume in my voice would increase, and end in me shouting in Billy's face as I would be closer to him by now. This will end the section with Rita being the leader in the argument, and she has had the satisfying last word, which suits her firm and aggressive nature. In conclusion, I hope I have created a picture of Rita being a forthright and belligerent character, full of determination to achieve what she wants with little or no consideration for anybody else in the situation. However, I feel that her frustration and, at times, slight desolation over the fact that she couldn't make her engagement work with Billy, or she was in some way not all that he wanted, was also displayed in some sections.

We Must Fight Obesity Essay - 947 Words

Obesity results from excessive calorie intake that the body doesn’t need. Genetic, Environmental and behavioral factors have been linked to the onset of obesity. Moreover, the high body fat to lean body mass ratio makes obesity a major contributor to chronic illnesses. Obesity is caused by many factors, two of which are a sedentary lifestyle and poor diet. Obesity is on the rise and is reaching epidemic proportion. About 70 million Americans are obese-more than 1 in 3 of all adults and 1 in 5 children.[3] The 1999-2000 combined prevalence of overweight (Body mass Index [BMI] 25-29.9 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI=30 kg/m2) was 64.5%, of which 30.5% were obese.(Flegal, Carroll et al. 2002) Since 1980 obesity rates for adults have doubled and†¦show more content†¦The Healthy People 2010 initiative identified overweight and obesity as one of the leading health indicators to be addressed to improve the quality of life for Americans [6]. Pharmacists, being the most accessible health care professional can be a huge asset in addressing this concern. Due to their interaction with many patients, they are in the unique position of identifying and developing patient-centered care plans aim at facilitating medication optimization, weight loss and a healthy life style. Pharmacists can help reinforce lifestyle changes and provide education to the se patients. A diet and weight management service (DWMS) should be offered to these patients. Pharmacists can identify 5 –10 obese patients based on their BMI (=30) and whether they show one of the risk factors for obesity: such as hypertension or hyperlipidemia. The patient will be encouraged and empowered to take part in the wellness process. After identification and patient consent, assessment appointments are setup. Meeting can either be in the Pharmacy or at patient’s home. Patient’s home is preferable because it give Pharmacist the opportunity to develop trust with patient and meet family members. In the first assessment, the aim of care is explained to patient, patient is allowed to set reasonable expectations and discuss motivations as well as obstacles that may contribute to or hinder the achievement of theShow MoreRelatedPersonal Responsibility: An Analysis of Obesity in American Adults 1104 Words   |  5 Pagesand the time devoted to exercising. Can we all be res ponsible to the decisions of a group of people? The answer, that shared by several is probably not. Nevertheless, in the last few years, this medical condition that increases the likelihood of a range of diseases in which excess body fat has accumulated to the point that it may have an unfavorable effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and increase health problems (Wikipedia, par.2). 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That health issue is something everyone sees day to day whether they realize it or not, that health issue is obesity. Obesity has been a big issue in the United States for many years and it continues to be one of the biggest arguments whether it is the fault of the peopleRead MoreObesity : The Fight Against Obesity1425 Words   |  6 PagesOBESITY ENG 122 English Composition II Eunice Williams Ashford University Instructor: Matthew Fox October 6, 2014 While for many feel that obesity is a personal and must be fought in secret with no involvement of anyone else, many will disagree with that because obesity affects every tax payer and impair a community as a whole. Obesity is a big problem here in my America and it has to be a matter of public discussion. This fight can be done through a lot of places, churches, physicianRead MoreEffects Of Obesity On Children s Self Image1177 Words   |  5 Pages Childhood obesity has nearly doubled in the past 30 years. 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Along with the fact that obesity is the most common form of malnutrition in the Western world, it also affects sixty-four percent of Americans (Pennybacker 15; Brownell 1). Obesity is one of today s most visible, yet neglected conditions affectingRead More`` Escape From The Western Diet By Michael Pollan Essay1641 Words   |  7 PagesThere are more ways to shun obesity. Michael Pollan, who wrote â€Å"Escape from the western diet†, claims that the fast food industry is one of the main reasons why people struggle with their health. He believes that the processed food we consume gives us harmful deceases. Pollan urges us to listen to his words to avoid the western diet, he preaches that we should start eating healthier and to put more time and effort when it comes to buying food. 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